yum install java on centos 7

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tar 包安装方式

## 下载地址：    
## oracle jdk:    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
## open jdk: http://jdk.java.net/10/

## oracle jdk 10
cd /opt
wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/10.0.1+10/fb4372174a714e6b8c52526dc134031e/jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz"

## oracle jdk 8
wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u171-b11/512cd62ec5174c3487ac17c61aaa89e8/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz"

## openjdk 10
wget https://download.java.net/java/GA/jdk10/10.0.1/fb4372174a714e6b8c52526dc134031e/10/openjdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz


## 解压

tar -zxf jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local

ls /usr/local/jdk-10.0.1/


## 添加JAVA JDK环境变量:

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cat > /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh << EOF

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk-10.0.1
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk-10.0.1/jre
CLASSPATH=.:\$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:\$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:\$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:\$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin:\$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH

EOF
cat /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk-10.0.1
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk-10.0.1/jre
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH


## 手动加载java环境变量
chmod 644 /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh
source /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh

## 验证

# java -version
java 10.0.1 2018-04-17
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.3 (build 10.0.1+10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.3 (build 10.0.1+10, mixed mode)

yum 本地安装方式

## 如果rpm 或 yum 安装过jdk, 清理

## 查询
rpm -qa | grep -E '^open[jre|jdk]|j[re|dk]'
....
jdk1.8.0_131-1.8.0_131-fcs.x86_64
....

## 移除
yum -y remove jdk1.8.0_131-1.8.0_131-fcs.x86_64

##==========================================##
## rpm 方式安装jdk 10
##==========================================##
## orcle jdk 10
wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/10.0.1+10/fb4372174a714e6b8c52526dc134031e/jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.rpm"

## orcle jdk 8
wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u171-b11/512cd62ec5174c3487ac17c61aaa89e8/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.rpm"


## yum 本地安装方便以后反安装
yum localinstall jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.rpm

## rpm 安装也可以
rpm -ivh jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.rpm

## 安装目录：/usr/java/jdk-10.0.1

多版本切换

usage: alternatives --install <link> <name> <path> <priority>
                [--initscript <service>]
                [--family <family>]
                [--slave <link> <name> <path>]*
   alternatives --remove <name> <path>
   alternatives --auto <name>                # 将手动设置为自动选择最高优先级的，如:alternatives --auto java
   alternatives --config <name>                # 手动设置版本
   alternatives --display <name>            # 选项的功能就是查看一个命令链接组的所有信息，包括链接的模式(自动还是手动)、链接priority值、所有可用的链接命令等等
   alternatives --set <name> <path>            # 直接设置路径，像config，但不是通过交互式选择
   alternatives --list                        # 列出所有命令当前设置

说明：
alternatives --install <link> <name> <path> <priority>
其中，
install: 表示安装,就是增加一组新的系统命令链接符了
link: 是符号链接，为系统中功能相同软件的公共链接目录
name: 为命令链接符名称，比如java
path: 为你所要使用新命令、新软件的所在目录
priority: 则表示优先级,数值标识
slave： 为从alternative


## 比如通过tar包安装jdk8,路径 /usr/local/jdk-8/， 优先级为2，最后调整为系统默认的版本
cd /usr/local/jdk-8/
alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/local/jdk-8/bin/java 2
alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/local/jdk-8/bin/javac 2
alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/local/jdk-8/bin/jar 2

alternatives --set jar /usr/local/jdk-8/bin/jar
alternatives --set javac /usr/local/jdk-8/bin/javac

## config 选项功能为在现有的命令链接选择一个作为系统默认的，使用语法为：alternatives --config name
alternatives --config java

There are 2 programs which provide 'java'.

Selection    Command
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1           /usr/java/jdk-10.0.1/bin/java
2           /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_171-amd64/jre/bin/java


## 删除
alternatives --remove  java java /usr/local/jdk-8/bin/java

rpm 包安装方式

1. 到oracle官网下载RPM 包 

    ## http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

    ## --------------- For 64-bit Systems ---------------

    cd /opt
    wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u45-b14/jdk-8u45-linux-x64.rpm"
    wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u45-b14/jre-8u45-linux-x64.rpm"

    wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm"

    ## http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm




2. 安装 

    ## --------------- For 64-bit Systems ---------------

    rpm -Uvh jdk-8u45-linux-x64.rpm
    rpm -Uvh jre-8u45-linux-x64.rpm

3. 检查 

    java -version

    javac  -version

4. Enable Java JDK / JRE 8u45 Support in Firefox

    ## For 32-Bit OS ##
    alternatives --install /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so libjavaplugin.so /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so 20000

    ## For 64-Bit OS ##
    alternatives --install /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so libjavaplugin.so /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 20000

安装open jdk

1) Installing Java JRE on CentOS 7, 下面选一个版本安装

    sudo yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk
    sudo yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk
    sudo yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk


2) Installing Java JDK on CentOS 7

    sudo yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
    sudo yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel
    sudo yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel

Installing Oracle Java JRE on CentOS 7

cd /opt

sudo wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" \
"http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u51-b16/jre-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz"

sudo tar xvf jre-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz

sudo chown -R root: jre1.8.0_51

sudo alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/jre1.8.0_51/bin/java 1

We also recommend to setup javac and jar commands path using alternatives

# alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /opt/jdk1.8.0_51/bin/jar 2
# alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /opt/jdk1.8.0_51/bin/javac 2
# alternatives --set jar /opt/jdk1.8.0_51/bin/jar
# alternatives --set javac /opt/jdk1.8.0_51/bin/javac

alternatives command is available in chkconfig package.

Installing Oracle Java JDK on CentOS 7

cd /opt

sudo wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" \
"http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u51-b16/jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz"

sudo tar xvf jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz

sudo chown -R root: jdk1.8.0_51

# 使用alternatives安装 

sudo alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/jdk1.8.0_51/bin/java 1

Select your default Java Version on CentOS 7

# 如果系统安装了多个版本，查看各个版本的安装路径 

sudo update-alternatives --config java

    /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.51-1.b16.el7_1.x86_64
    /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.85-2.6.1.2.el7_1.x86_64
    /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64

Setup JAVA_HOME on CentOS 7

#重新编辑配置文件

sudo vi /etc/profile

    export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.51-1.b16.el7_1.x86_64"

#重新加载配置文件 

source /etc/profile

# 查看运行状态下的变量值 

echo $JAVA_HOME

修改 profile 文件

vi /etc/profile
在文件的末尾修改

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
为

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.22  
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH:$CATALINA_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
注意

JAVA_HOME 是你的 JDK 安装目录

Linux 下用冒号“:”来分隔路径

$PATH / $CLASSPATH / $JAVA_HOME 是用来引用原来的环境变量的值

export 是把这三个变量导出为全局变量。

方法2
上述修改 放到 .bash_profile 文件末尾中

这种方法更为安全，它可以把使用这些环境变量的权限控制到用户级别，如果你需要给某个用户权限使用这些环境变量，你只需要修改其个人用户主目录下的 .bash_profile文件就可以了。

参考：

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-java-on-centos-and-fedora